The uses of principal components analysis (PCA) were recently common in analysis of relationships between scores of variables in animals. The study adopted the PCA methods in estimation of body weight from linear body measurements in two commercial meat-type chickens raised in southern guinea environment of Nigeria. A total of 300 birds comprise of 150 each of Marshall and Arbor acre broiler chickens were used for the study. Traits measured were body weight (BW), Body length (BDL), keel length (KL), Breast width (BRW), Thigh length (TH), shank length (SHK) and wing length (WG). The descriptive statistics indicated that the average BDW (1.63 vs 1.91kg), BDL (20.63 vs 20.76cm), KL (10.53 vs 10.47cm), BRW (3.24 vs 3.07cm), TH (10.11 vs 10.09), SHK (11.67 vs 11.85cm) and WG (22.30 vs 23.08cm) were obtained for Marshall and Abor acre, respectively. The correlation coefficient observed varied from r = 0.72 to r = 0.96 for Marshall while the ranged of r =0.73 to r = 0.95 was recorded for Abor acre while all variables were positive and highly significant (P<0.01). The PCA results revealed that three principal components were extracted for the broiler chickens explaining 95.28 % and 94.82 % of the total variation in the original variables for both Marshall and Arbor acre chicken. However, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy values are 0.90 and 0.92 were termed to be marvelous with Bartlett’s test of 9026.63 and 8715.13 at determinants 1.37E and 2.39E for Marshall and Arbor acre birds, respectively. These components could be a template for selection criteria for breeding programme in broiler chickens.

The aims of this investigation are to assess some heavy metals such as Molybdenum (Mo), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ne) in milk, egg, banana and anion in Khartoum State in three location namely: Khartoum north, Khartoum and Omdurman. Mo in foods consumed in Khartoum State ranged 0.012 - 0.06mg/100mg, Cd in foods consumed in Khartoum State ranged 0.0038 - 0.0060mg/100mg, Hg in foods consumed in Khartoum State ranged 0.0076 - 0.0100mg/ 100mg, As in foods consumed in Khartoum State ranged 0.080 - 0.091mg/ 100mg, Pb in foods consumed in Khartoum State ranged 0.038 - 0.427mg/ 100mg and Ne in foods consumed in Khartoum State ranged 0.020 - 0.037mg/100mg.

The aims of this investigation are to assess some heavy metals such as Molybdenum (Mo), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb) and Nickel (Ne) in cow milk, egg of white leghorn, banana fruit and anion vegetables in Khartoum State in three location namely: Khartoum, Khartoum north and Omdurman. The molybdenum, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead and nickel were determined by using inductively coupled plasma equipment (ICPE). Mean value Mo in banana, anion, cow milk and egg of white leghorn is 0.61, 0.56, 0.16 and 0.5ppm, respectively. Mean value of Cdbanana, anion, cow milk and egg of white leghorn is 0.053, 0.04, 0.045 and o, 1ppm, respectively. Mean value of Hg in banana, anion, cow milk and egg of white leghorn is 0.1, o.1, 0.1o and 0, 1ppm, respectively. Mean value of as in banana, anion, cow milk and egg of white leghorn is 0.90, 0.83, 0.88 and 0.90ppm, respectively. Mean value of Pb in banana, anion, cow milk and egg of white leghorn is 4.19, 0.40, 0.40, 0.40ppm, respectively. Finally, mean value of Ni in banana, anion, cow milk and egg of white leghorn is 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 and 0.2ppm, respectively.

The wilt disease of banana pose a severe thread to global banana production. It is also known as Panama disease, or also known as Fusarium wilt of banana, putting economic development and food security in danger for many countries worldwide, while no solutions are present. Soil management provides a promising alternative to a solution, but it is not clear which environmental variables are important for decreased disease incidence. A field experiment is executed where landscape, climate, land management, soil chemistry, microbial populations and disease incidence are assessed in order to find relations between environmental variables and disease incidence of panama. It is also find out the suitable measures for production of banana.

The aim of the present study was to examine the spatial distribution for monitoring populations of Parlatoria oleae (Colvee) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) infesting mango trees during two successive years (2016–2018) in Luxor Governorate, Egypt. The obtained results showed that insect population of P. oleae occurred on mango trees all the year round and has three peaks of seasonal activity per year, which was recorded in October, April and July during the first year (2016/2017) and through in November, April and July during the second year (2017/2018). Data were analyzed using twenty one distribution indices. All indices of distribution indicated significant aggregation behaviour in each year, except, the K values of the negative binomial distribution of the total P. oleae population ranged about 15-17 for each year during the two successive years, indicating random behavior. The results of this research can be used to draft monitoring methods for this pest and establishing IPM strategies for P. oleae.